1. What Are Research Peptides?

Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Where proteins typically contain hundreds or thousands of residues, peptides are usually between two and fifty. Many of the research compounds we supply are synthetic analogues of endogenous peptides or fragments thereof, produced to defined sequences for use in laboratory experiments.

In a research setting, synthetic peptides are used as reference standards, ligands for receptor binding studies, and probes for investigating cell-signalling pathways in cultured cells and other in-vitro models. The compounds we supply are research reagents only; they are not pharmaceutical products and are not intended for human or veterinary use.

2. How Peptides Are Studied in the Literature

Peptides are typically characterised in the research literature by the receptor or biochemical pathway they interact with. Examples of how several compound classes are described in peer-reviewed studies:

• GLP-1 / GIP receptor agonists (Tirzepatide, Semaglutide, Liraglutide) – characterised as agonists at incretin receptors in preclinical metabolic models.
• Growth-hormone-releasing-hormone analogues & ghrelin-receptor agonists (HGH, Sermorelin, CJC 1295, Ipamorelin, GHRP-2/6, Tesamorelin, IGF-1 LR3) – characterised as growth-hormone secretagogues in preclinical studies of pituitary signalling.
• Melanocortin-receptor agonists (MT-1, Melanotan 2, PT-141) – characterised as α-MSH analogues in receptor-binding studies.
• Regenerative peptides (BPC-157, TB-500, Thymosin Alpha-1, ARA290) – studied in preclinical models of connective-tissue, gastrointestinal and immune-cell signalling.
• Neuropeptides (Semax, Selank, Oxytocin, Kisspeptin-10, DSIP) – studied in central-nervous-system and circadian signalling research.

These descriptions summarise how the compounds are characterised in the published scientific literature. They are not claims about effects in humans.

3. Research Areas We Cover

View the full compound catalogue →

4. Laboratory Reconstitution Procedure

Most peptides are supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder in a sealed vial. Before use as a laboratory reagent, they are typically reconstituted in a suitable aqueous diluent – bacteriostatic water is the most common reference diluent cited in the research literature.

5. Concentration Calculations

Once a lyophilised compound has been dissolved in a known volume of diluent, the resulting concentration is calculated as:

Worked example: 10 mg of lyophilised peptide dissolved in 2 ml of bacteriostatic water gives a concentration of 5 mg/ml, or 5000 µg/ml.

These calculations are provided for laboratory reference only. They are not, and are not intended to be, dosing guidance for human or veterinary use.

6. Storage & Handling

• Keep away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
• Avoid freeze-thaw cycles on reconstituted solutions.
• Reference diluent in the literature is typically bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol) for multi-use vials or sterile water for single-use solutions.
• Use a fresh sterile needle each time the vial septum is penetrated.

7. Vials vs Pens Format

We supply most compounds in two formats: traditional lyophilised vials, and pre-reconstituted multi-dose pen cartridges. The choice depends on the research workflow.

8. Purity & Third-Party Testing

Purity matters in research. The peptides we supply are independently verified by Janoshik Analytical using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. Lab reports include the batch identifier, purity percentage, and the Janoshik verification key so results can be authenticated against Janoshik’s records.

Third-party testing is the most reliable way to confirm that a research reagent matches its stated specification. We publish the verification records on our Purity page and supply the printed Janoshik report with the order where one has been issued for the current batch.

9. Laboratory Best Practices

• Use third-party tested compounds – all reagents we supply are HPLC-verified by Janoshik Analytical.
• Use an appropriate diluent – typically bacteriostatic water or a specified buffer, per the literature for that compound.
• Maintain sterile technique – swab septa, use fresh needles, and avoid cross-contamination between vials.
• Keep a lab notebook – record batch identifiers, reconstitution dates, diluent volumes, and storage history.
• Observe the compliance statement – all products sold by Black & White Peptides Ltd are supplied for laboratory research and in-vitro use only. They are not pharmaceuticals and are not for human or veterinary consumption.